CBSE Class 10 Science: Control and Coordination Important Concept-Based Questions

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Introduction

The chapter Control and Coordination forms a vital part of the CBSE Class 10 Science curriculum. It explores the fascinating ways in which living organisms respond to stimuli, maintain balance, and perform essential life functions through a complex network of nervous and hormonal control systems.

Understanding this chapter not only helps students in scoring well in board exams but also builds a strong foundation for higher studies in Biology, Human Physiology, and Neurology.

1. Key Concepts in Control and Coordination

Let’s break down the major concepts covered in this chapter:

• Nervous System: Structure and function of neurons, synapses, reflex actions, and the human brain.
• Coordination in Plants: Growth movements, tropisms, and plant hormones.
• Endocrine System: Role of hormones in maintaining body functions and homeostasis.
• Difference between Nervous and Hormonal Control: Speed, mechanism, and function.

2. Concept-Based Important Questions with Answers

Q1. What is a neuron? Describe its structure with a labeled diagram.

A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It consists of three parts — dendrites (receive signals), axon (transmits impulses), and axon terminals (pass the impulse to other neurons). Neurons form a vast network that ensures rapid communication within the body.

Q2. Differentiate between reflex action and voluntary action.

Reflex Action	Voluntary Action
Involuntary and automatic response to stimuli.	Controlled and deliberate action performed consciously.
Involves spinal cord only.	Involves brain and higher centers.

Q3. What are plant hormones? Name four types and their functions.

Plant hormones or phytohormones are chemical substances that regulate plant growth. The four main types are:

• Auxins: Promote cell elongation.
• Gibberellins: Stimulate growth and seed germination.
• Cytokinins: Promote cell division.
• Abscisic Acid: Inhibits growth and induces dormancy.

Q4. Explain the role of the brain in coordination and control.

The human brain is the control center of the body. It receives sensory inputs, processes them, and issues commands through motor neurons. The cerebrum handles thinking and reasoning, the cerebellum manages balance and posture, and the medulla oblongata regulates involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing.

Q5. What are the major endocrine glands in humans and their hormones?

• Pituitary Gland: Master gland controlling others.
• Thyroid Gland: Produces thyroxine for metabolism.
• Adrenal Gland: Secretes adrenaline for stress response.
• Pancreas: Produces insulin to regulate blood sugar.
• Gonads: Produce sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen).

3. Diagram-Based Conceptual Questions

In CBSE Class 10 Science exams, diagram-based questions often appear. Focus on the following important diagrams:

• Structure of a Neuron
• Human Brain with labeled parts
• Reflex Arc Pathway
• Tropic movements in plants

Practice labeling diagrams and writing one-line functions of each part for higher accuracy in exams.

4. High-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

Q6. Why is coordination necessary in living organisms?

Coordination ensures that all organs work in harmony for survival. For example, while running, the brain signals the heart to pump faster and muscles to contract rapidly, demonstrating the coordination between the nervous and muscular systems.

Q7. How do plants respond to light and gravity?

Plants show phototropism (growth towards light) and geotropism (growth towards gravity). These responses are regulated by the uneven distribution of auxins in plant cells, causing directional growth.

Q8. How does adrenaline prepare the body for emergency situations?

Adrenaline increases heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose levels to provide instant energy — preparing the body for the classic 'fight or flight' response during danger.

5. Concept Reinforcement Through Real-Life Examples

Understanding coordination in daily life makes the topic interesting:

• Blinking eyes in bright light (Reflex Action)
• Secretion of saliva at the smell of food (Involuntary control)
• Leaf folding in Touch-me-not plant (Mimosa pudica)
• Body’s temperature regulation through sweating (Hormonal control)

6. Board Exam Strategy for Chapter – Control and Coordination

To maximize your score in this chapter, follow these steps:

1. Understand each concept thoroughly rather than memorizing.
2. Use flowcharts and labeled diagrams for revision.
3. Practice NCERT In-text and Exercise Questions.
4. Attempt concept-based questions like the ones shared above.
5. Join BACE IIT JEE’s integrated foundation courses for structured preparation.

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Conclusion & Contact Information

Mastering the chapter Control and Coordination enhances your understanding of life processes and human physiology — key to cracking Class 10 boards and beyond. Keep practicing concept-based questions and trust BACE IIT JEE for structured learning and academic excellence.

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